what is the blood type of a person who is heterozygous, having a and b alleles as codominant? This is a topic that many people are looking for. bluevelvetrestaurant.com is a channel providing useful information about learning, life, digital marketing and online courses …. it will help you have an overview and solid multi-faceted knowledge . Today, bluevelvetrestaurant.com would like to introduce to you Multiple Alleles (ABO Blood Types) and Punnett Squares. Following along are instructions in the video below:
Are on to turn off click the cc button at bottom right follow us on on twitter amoebasisters and facebook. Theres a lot of phenotypes that are easy to your eye color your hair texture your height. Whether you have a straight thumb or hitchhiker thumb.
But one phenotype that you cant just tell by looking is your blood type your blood is really made of many things platelets plasma and red blood cells. But you have probably heard before that when blood is donated its important that it is matched correctly. And thats true because blood type phenotypes vary.
It really boils down to the fact that red blood cells are not naked. They have proteins on their surface. And it turns out that your immune system is very protective and if it gets blood donated that have different proteins that its not used to it will attack them with blood type you can have several different phenotypes.
A b ab or o. These letters stand for antigens that are found on red blood cells. So type a blood for example has a antigens on the surface of red blood cells type b blood for example has b antigens on the surface of red blood cells.
Type ab blood has both a and b antigens on the surface of red blood cells type o. I like to think of it is looking like a zero. It doesnt have a or b antigens.
Its naked well ok. It does have other proteins on its surface. But not a or b.
So think of o as looking like a zero. It doesnt have a or b. So.
If you are type b blood. You have b antigens on the surface of red blood cells that means a person with type b can accept another persons type b blood because b is an antigen their body recognizes. But if you try to give that person a type a blood type thats an antigen that the immune system does not recognize that persons immune system will attack.
It would also attack ab blood. Because that includes the a that it doesnt recognize now type o. Would be safe.
Though remember o looks like a zero. It doesnt have a or b.
Antigens. So type o can donate to everyone now while o individuals can donate to everyone they can only receive blood from another type o. Because type o blood does not have a or b.
Antigens. Their immune system will attack any other blood type that does neither of us have type ab blood. But we would think this is a cool blood type to have in the sense that you could receive blood from anyone if an ab person received blood from a person that had type a well theyve got the a so its all good and if an ab person received blood from a person that had type b.
Well. Theyve got the b antigen. Too so its all good they can receive blood from type o.
Too. Because there are not any antigens to even worry about now one thing. We want to add that makes all of this a bit more complicated blood types also have a plus or minus sign listed by the blood type this makes a big difference with blood donations.
If you have a plus. It means that you have this other little protein called rh factor on the surface of your blood cells. If you have a negative.
It means that you do not have this little protein called rh factor on the surface of your red blood cells. We are not going to be able to go into that in this short clip. So to the google for that if you would like to learn more about this blood type is genetically inherited and a great example of multiple alleles.
Remember that alleles are a form of a gene like a flavor. Just an analogy. So lets put this into practice.
Lets say a couple gives birth to a baby boy. Both parents have type a blood. But then there was a mixup at the hospital and now haha sorry i get real into my drama.
There are these two baby boys and the hospital doesnt know which one belongs to the couple probably not a hospital where you want to have kids. But lets try and use our blood type genetic problem. Solving skills to help out here baby.
Phil has type b blood and baby sylvester has type o blood could either of these babies. Belong to the couple who both have type a blood well lets talk phenotypes and genotypes.
The phenotype of type. A blood is a. But the genotype is written like this or this this format of writing here helps with multiple alleles like blood type problems.
And we can show you why when we work out the punnett square. Now you may notice that i said that blood type a can be written this way or this way without testing. We dont really know which one it is you can consider this one to be homozygous and this one to be heterozygous the phenotype of type b blood is b.
But the genotype is written as this or this the phenotype of type ab blood is ab and the genotype is written this way. There is no other way to write that one the phenotype for type o blood is o. And the genotype is written like this remember how i said that the o kind of looks like a zero.
And so you can think of that as having zero blood type antigens. Well thats what it is ii no coefficient ok back to the babies. We are told the parents both have type a but remember that we dont know whether that means they are this type a the homozygous or this type.
A the heterozygous and the mom could be one of those genotypes and the father could be the other genotype or they could both be the same genotype. We just dont know ok so lets just try it out with all of the possibilities. Remember that we write the parent genotypes on the top and side of the punnett squares like this well fill in the squares and well make sure to have capital.
Is first just for formatting purposes. Ok. So is it possible to get baby.
Phil. Who has type b in any of these offspring nope. He must be someone elses baby what about baby sylvester with his type o yes.
It is possible. But both parents would have to be heterozygous a that means they both have to be this then yes you would have a 25 chance. Thats 1 in 4.
Here of having a baby with type o blood of course. If i was advising the couple. I would also insist on a dna test as this blood type problem.
Only shows that its possible that baby sylvester is theirs well thats it for the amoeba sisters and we remind you to. Stay curious this video has a handout at wwwamoebasisterscom find. Us on facebook and twitter amoebasisters .
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